Should red snapper populations be regulated by each state?

red snapper
The Gulf Coast states are responsible for managing their red snapper populations, and CCA would like to see the same thing for South Atlantic states.

Red snapper populations growing more abundant in South Atlantic

A proposed regulation released by NOAA Fisheries last week demonstrates the fundamental problem with federal management of red snapper in the South Atlantic. Regulatory Amendment 33 would remove a prohibition on opening the South Atlantic red snapper season if it is projected to be three days or less. The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council had previously decided that it would not have a red snapper season if it could not be at least be four days long. However, Regulatory Amendment 33 opens the door for a three-day season in 2020.

“The Council should be commended for trying to provide meaningful access to red snapper, but the rules of federal management make that impossible,” said Bill Bird, chairman of Coastal Conservation Association’s (CCA) National Government Relations Committee. “The more the fishery recovers and expands, the more fish anglers encounter and discard, and the shorter the season gets. Someday the red snapper population is going to get so good they’ll have to close the season entirely. It is the same trap we saw in the Gulf of Mexico.”

South Atlantic red snapper has been a source of frustration since 2006, when Congress passed a significantly strengthened Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Management and Conservation Act. Only a year later, the first modern stock assessment ever done in the Atlantic on the species found that it was undergoing severe overfishing and so grossly overfished that it was instantly a full-blown crisis discovered right under managers’ noses. Access to the fishery has been extremely limited ever since.

Anglers are forced to discard red snapper that have little chance of survival

“The stock isn’t where it needs to be, but it has shown signs of significant improvement in recent years. And we are running into the same federal management trap,” said Bird. “In this case, the number of fish anglers catch during the season is not the problem. The problem is recreational dead discards of red snapper throughout the rest of the year, and discard information is a notoriously weak component of a notoriously suspect federal recreational data collection system.”

A similar situation occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in recent years as the red snapper population skyrocketed and NOAA Fisheries cut the recreational season in federal waters to just three days. In response, the Gulf states developed their own recreational data systems and took over management of private boat red snapper anglers last year. The result has been enhanced access for anglers that reflects perhaps the largest population of red snapper in the Gulf in decades. The South Atlantic stock may not be quite as robust yet, but there are already the same problems with the recreational data system and how it is used by federal managers.

State-level management is CCA’s goal

“We are seeing the same fundamental questions and perhaps it is time to push management to a more local, hands-on level in the South Atlantic to get a workable system for recreational anglers,” said Ted Venker, CCA director of conservation. “The Gulf states have proven that they are capable of managing marine resources in a way the provides both the most access for the public and proper conservation. Without a truly innovative solution, anglers are likely going to be stuck with extremely short seasons under federal management no matter how healthy the population is.”

The Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Fishery Management Councils are convening a joint working group to address Section 102: Fishery Management Measures of the Modernizing Recreational Fisheries Management Act of 2018. This joint working group is designed to address problems with red snapper specifically, as well as other species and recreational management in general. The first meeting of the workgroup is May 18.

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